The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is responsible for enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee because of the person’s race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy and related conditions, gender identity, and sexual orientation), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information.

Most employers with at least 15 employees are covered by EEOC laws (20 employees in age discrimination cases). Most labor unions and employment agencies are also covered.

The laws apply to all types of work situations, including hiring, firing, promotions, harassment, training, wages, and benefits.

The EEOC has the authority to investigate charges of discrimination against employers who are covered by the law. If the EEOC finds that discrimination has occurred, it can attempt to settle the charges or litigate. The EEOC also provides outreach, education, and technical assistance programs.

Laws and Regulations Enforced

Laws enforced by the EEOC include sections of several Civil Rights Acts, the Equal Pay Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act, and others. For a complete list, see this webpage. The EEOC’s regulations can be found here.

Small Business Resource Center

The EEOC has developed a Small Business Resource Center that you may find helpful. It provides information and answers frequently asked questions.